Exploring the association of glioma tumor residuals from incongruent [18F]FET PET/MR imaging with tumor proliferation using a multiparametric MRI radiomics nomogram

Purpose The study aimed to using multiparametric MRI radiomics to predict glioma tumor residuals (TR FET over MR ) derived from incongruent [ 18 F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine ([ 18 F]FET) PET/MR imaging. Methods One hundred ten patients with gliomas who underwent [ 18 F]FET PET/MR scanning were retrospectively analyzed. The TR FET over MR was identified by the discrepancy-PET that the extent of resection (EOR) based on MRI subtracted the biological tumor volume on PET images. The MRI parameters and radiomics features were extracted based on EOR and selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to construct radiomics score (Rad-score). The correlation network analysis of all features was analyzed by Spearman’s correlation tests. The methods for evaluating the clinical usefulness consisted of the receiver operating characteristic curve, the calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. Results The Rad-score of the patients with the TR FET over MR was significantly higher than those with the non TR FET over MR ( p