Relationship between C‐reactive protein level and periodontitis and systemic diseases

Background Periodontitis affects systemic disease risk, although the relationship thereof in the context of different C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels is not clear. This study investigated the association of periodontitis with systemic diseases according to high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) level and sought to identify the risk of systemic diseases in patients with periodontitis. Methods We used data from the seventh (2016–2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In a total of 16,489 subjects, the hs‐CRP group was classified into the hs‐CRP low‐risk group and the hs‐CRP high‐risk group. Propensity score matching (PSM) is used for 1:1 matching of confounding variables (e.g., age, gender, income, and education) between hs‐CRP low‐risk and hs‐CRP at‐risk groups to analyze the final 5316 subjects. The association between general characteristics and prevalence of systemic diseases was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi‐squared test. The associations between hs‐CRP level and systemic and periodontitis were analyzed using logistic regression analyses. Results Within the hs‐CRP group, the presence of periodontitis was associated with a significantly increased prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In the hs‐CRP risk group, periodontitis significantly increased the risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus by 2.1 and 2.4 times, respectively. Conclusions The presence of periodontitis significantly increases the prevalence of systemic diseases and more so in individuals with higher hs‐CRP levels. This indicates the significance of maintaining oral health in reducing the risk of systemic diseases.