A cost-effective milestone training model based on 3D printed for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

1 Introduction Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), a well-accepted bariatric surgery, can not only achieve a lasting and stable weight-loss effect, but also significantly improve the metabolic complications of obesity, making it the gold standard for the treatment of morbid obesity.1–3 Most of the training occurs in real-life clinical settings on real patients under supervision. [...]the models were printed using a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer. [...]the mold was removed to obtain the model after solidification. 4 Discussion The traditional training for surgeons performing LRYGB surgery has always been an apprenticeship mode, where surgeons practice their surgical skills on real patients under supervision.10 This approach may lead to serious complications, morbidity, and mortality, which are unfavorable for patients.