3D‐printed nanocomposite denture base resin: The effect of incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles on the growth of Candida albicans

Purpose To develop a biocompatible denture base resin/TiO2 nanocomposite material with antifungal characteristics that is suitable for 3D‐printing denture bases. Materials and Methods TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with a 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 weight percent (wt.%) were incorporated into a commercially available 3D‐printed resin material. The resulting nanocomposite material was analyzed using Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and AlamarBlue (AB) assays for biocompatibility testing with human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). The composite material was also tested for its antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDX) mapping were conducted to assess the surface coating and the dispersion of the NPs. Results LDH and AB assays confirmed the biocompatibility of the material showing cell proliferation at a rate of nearly 100% at day 10, with a cytotoxicity of less than 13% of the cells at day 10. The concentrations of 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 wt.% caused a significant reduction (p