Supportive care needs and related factors among colorectal cancer patients with stoma in the postoperative rehabilitation period from a bio-psycho-social perspective: a cross-sectional study

Objective This study investigated the biomedical, psychological, and social behavior factors for supportive care needs in colorectal cancer patients with a stoma, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of targeted interventions. Methods This cross-sectional study included 175 colorectal cancer patients with a stoma. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic and disease-related data on patients. The M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Gastrointestinal Cancer (MDASI-GI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) were used to assess patients’ symptom distress, anxiety and depression status, and social support, respectively. The Supportive Care Need Survey Short Form (SCNS-SF34) was used to evaluate supportive care needs. Results The total score of supportive care needs of patients with colorectal cancer stoma was 87.75±17.34 points. The multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that younger age and a higher total score on symptom distress, depression, and anxiety were independent risk factors for supportive care needs. Conclusions Patients with colorectal cancer stoma with higher supportive care needs can be identified early from the bio-psycho-social perspective. Younger patients have more symptom distress, are depressed and anxious, have lower social support, and have higher supportive care needs. Closer monitoring of patients with symptom distress, early detection of depression and anxiety, and improving patients’ social support can meet supportive care needs and improve patients’ quality of life.