USP31 serves as a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and immune responses for clear cell renal cell carcinoma via single‐cell and bulk RNA‐sequencing

Background Currently, there is no research available on the prognosis, potential effect and therapeutic value of USP31 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). To address this gap, the present study aimed to shed light on its potential roles and possible mechanisms in ccRCC. Methods R software was utilized to conduct bioinformatics analyses with the data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (i.e. KIRC) and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. The expression of USP31 in ccRCC was validated by a PCR. The independent prognostic ability of USP31 was evaluated by Cox regression analysis. We conducted gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to explore the potential USP31‐related pathways. We also discussed the relationships between USP31 and immunity, by predicting its possible upstream transcription factors (TFs) by ChEA3. Results In ccRCC, USP31 demonstrated a high level of expression and this increased expression was correlated with a poor prognosis (p