Daily Associations Between Adolescents' Executive Function and School Engagement: The Role of Ethnic/Racial Discrimination
Executive function (EF) has rarely been considered for adolescents' daily school outcomes or in conjunction with ethnic/racial discrimination. Using 2-week, daily data from 137 ethnic/racial minority adolescents (Mage = 14.56; 53% female; 56% Black, 19% Latinx, 7% Asian, 7% Native, 12% other [e...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental psychology 2023-11, Vol.59 (11), p.2037-2049 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Executive function (EF) has rarely been considered for adolescents' daily school outcomes or in conjunction with ethnic/racial discrimination. Using 2-week, daily data from 137 ethnic/racial minority adolescents (Mage = 14.56; 53% female; 56% Black, 19% Latinx, 7% Asian, 7% Native, 12% other [e.g., multiracial]) in the Midwest United States, this study examined same-day, within-person associations between EF and school engagement (controlling for prior-day engagement), and how these associations varied by adolescents' daily experiences of ethnic/racial discrimination. Two EF components, inhibitory control and working memory, were associated with higher levels of school engagement on the same day, only on days when adolescents reported lower than their typical levels of discrimination. An alternative, indirect effect (i.e., discrimination compromised same-day school engagement via EF) was not observed. Findings highlight novel mechanisms through which discrimination may contribute to educational disparities.
Public Significance StatementDiscrimination based on one's ethnicity/race has deleterious effects on school outcomes. The current study demonstrates that, in addition to these direct effects, daily experiences of ethnic/racial discrimination can also compromise the positive associations between executive function and school engagement, highlighting novel mechanisms via which everyday discrimination may contribute to educational disparities that disadvantage ethnic/racial minority youth. |
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ISSN: | 0012-1649 1939-0599 |
DOI: | 10.1037/dev0001602 |