Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)

Objective To compare short‐ and long‐term clinical variables between dogs undergoing a modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and open cystotomy (OC) and evaluate for risk factors associated with complications and outcomes within the groups. Study design Retrospective study. Animals A total of 218 dogs. Methods Records were reviewed for dogs that underwent PCCLm or OC between January 2010 and December 2019. Signalment; history and diagnostic findings; procedural, anesthetic, and hospitalized care data; complications; urolith recurrence; and follow‐up were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate effects of clinical variables on outcomes within PCCLm and OC groups and to identify significant categorical variables between PCCLm and OC groups. Two sample t‐tests were used to identify significant numerical variables between PCCLm and OC groups. Results A total of 60.1% (131/218) of dogs underwent the PCCLm procedure and 39.9% (87/218) of dogs underwent the OC procedure. Anesthesia time (p