Health outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of service members and veterans with traumatic brain injury

Purpose To examine change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of service members/veterans (SMVs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI), by comparing HRQOL during the first year of the pandemic to HRQOL 12 months pre-pandemic. Methods Caregivers ( N = 246) were classified into three COVID-19 Pandemic Impact groups based on impact ratings of the pandemic on HRQOL: No Impact ( n = 50), Mild Impact ( n = 117), and Moderate-Severe Impact ( n = 79). Caregivers completed 19 measures across physical, social, caregiving, and economic HRQOL domains, and a measure of SMV Adjustment. T-scores were used to determine individual symptom trajectories for each measure as follows: Asymptomatic (pre + during