Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Purpose This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects. Method A...
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description | Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects.
Method
A prospective study enrolling 165 rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF was conducted. Genotyping of
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, rs3735451, and rs4646440) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) was performed to explore their impact on the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of rivaroxaban, coagulation indicators at the
C
trough
including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), and clinical outcomes.
Results
Patients with mutant genotype
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) had higher levels of rivaroxaban
C
trough
, PT values than that of wild-type. Furthermore, a positive relationship was revealed between
C
trough
and PT (
r
= 0.212,
p
= 0.007), while no significant correlation was found between
C
trough
and APTT. Regarding the clinical outcomes, the minor allele carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were associated with higher incidence of minor bleeding (
p
= 0.028 and
p
= 0.038, respectively) and were identified as the independent risk factors of minor bleeding treated with rivaroxaban (
p
= 0.024 and
p
= 0.036, respectively), with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated (AUC = 0.8956, 95% CI: 0.829–0.962).
Conclusion
The
CYP3A4
polymorphisms (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
rs776746 were associated with variations in rivaroxaban PK/PD. The minor allele (C) carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were correlated with clinical outcomes. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2846927968</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3149638046</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-2efd5751964e4d21a8d59b3b3ff88d0bb8fb3d9a274e595c022f5e711c6f943a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc9OFjEUxRsjkU_0BVyYJm7cjPTvdLr8MgE0gUCMLlw1nU4LxZkW2476PQjva3EAExaumtz-zjn35gDwBqMPGCFxmDHiXDSI0AYJJnnDnoEN5oI2gjD8HGyQJKihBLX74GXO16iKpOxegH0qOCMt7jbg9mwpOhTYf7ugW3bIYR9TspMudoS_fLmC_eSDN3qC50sxcbYZDju4dc6a4sMl_Ox_6hR_60EHeHGl06xN_O6DLd5kqMP4OBx3Qc93Q19BXbwNJa8J25J89T_2Q_JTTfYxvAJ7Tk_Zvr5_D8DX46Mv_cfm9PzkU789bUy9oDTEupELjmXLLBsJ1t3I5UAH6lzXjWgYOjfQUWoimOWSG0SI41ZgbFonGdX0ALxffW9S_LHYXNTss7F1i2DjkhXpWCuJkG1X0XdP0Ou4pFC3UxQz2dIOsbZSZKVMijkn69RN8rNOO4WRuitNraWpWpr6W5piVfT23noZZjs-Sh5aqgBdgVy_wqVN_7L_Y_sHLGyjuQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3149638046</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Li, Xiaoye ; Gu, Zhichun ; Wang, Zi ; Xu, Qing ; Ma, Chunlai ; Lv, Qianzhou</creator><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiaoye ; Gu, Zhichun ; Wang, Zi ; Xu, Qing ; Ma, Chunlai ; Lv, Qianzhou</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects.
Method
A prospective study enrolling 165 rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF was conducted. Genotyping of
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, rs3735451, and rs4646440) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) was performed to explore their impact on the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of rivaroxaban, coagulation indicators at the
C
trough
including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), and clinical outcomes.
Results
Patients with mutant genotype
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) had higher levels of rivaroxaban
C
trough
, PT values than that of wild-type. Furthermore, a positive relationship was revealed between
C
trough
and PT (
r
= 0.212,
p
= 0.007), while no significant correlation was found between
C
trough
and APTT. Regarding the clinical outcomes, the minor allele carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were associated with higher incidence of minor bleeding (
p
= 0.028 and
p
= 0.038, respectively) and were identified as the independent risk factors of minor bleeding treated with rivaroxaban (
p
= 0.024 and
p
= 0.036, respectively), with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated (AUC = 0.8956, 95% CI: 0.829–0.962).
Conclusion
The
CYP3A4
polymorphisms (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
rs776746 were associated with variations in rivaroxaban PK/PD. The minor allele (C) carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were correlated with clinical outcomes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0920-3206</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1573-7241</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-7241</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37542618</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Anticoagulants ; Atrial Fibrillation - drug therapy ; Atrial Fibrillation - genetics ; Bleeding ; Blood Coagulation - drug effects ; Blood Coagulation - genetics ; Cardiac arrhythmia ; Cardiology ; Clinical outcomes ; Coagulation ; Correlation ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - metabolism ; Cytochrome P450 ; Cytochromes P450 ; Factor Xa Inhibitors - adverse effects ; Factor Xa Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics ; Factor Xa Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; Female ; Fibrillation ; Gene polymorphism ; Genotyping ; Hemorrhage - chemically induced ; Hemorrhage - genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Mutants ; Nucleotides ; Original Article ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Pharmacodynamics ; Pharmacogenomic Variants ; Pharmacokinetics ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prospective Studies ; Prothrombin ; Prothrombin Time ; Risk factors ; Rivaroxaban - pharmacokinetics ; Rivaroxaban - therapeutic use ; Single-nucleotide polymorphism ; Thromboplastin ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2024-12, Vol.38 (6), p.1315-1325</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Dec 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-2efd5751964e4d21a8d59b3b3ff88d0bb8fb3d9a274e595c022f5e711c6f943a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-2efd5751964e4d21a8d59b3b3ff88d0bb8fb3d9a274e595c022f5e711c6f943a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6353-7767</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37542618$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiaoye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gu, Zhichun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Qing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Chunlai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Qianzhou</creatorcontrib><title>Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation</title><title>Cardiovascular drugs and therapy</title><addtitle>Cardiovasc Drugs Ther</addtitle><addtitle>Cardiovasc Drugs Ther</addtitle><description>Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects.
Method
A prospective study enrolling 165 rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF was conducted. Genotyping of
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, rs3735451, and rs4646440) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) was performed to explore their impact on the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of rivaroxaban, coagulation indicators at the
C
trough
including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), and clinical outcomes.
Results
Patients with mutant genotype
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) had higher levels of rivaroxaban
C
trough
, PT values than that of wild-type. Furthermore, a positive relationship was revealed between
C
trough
and PT (
r
= 0.212,
p
= 0.007), while no significant correlation was found between
C
trough
and APTT. Regarding the clinical outcomes, the minor allele carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were associated with higher incidence of minor bleeding (
p
= 0.028 and
p
= 0.038, respectively) and were identified as the independent risk factors of minor bleeding treated with rivaroxaban (
p
= 0.024 and
p
= 0.036, respectively), with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated (AUC = 0.8956, 95% CI: 0.829–0.962).
Conclusion
The
CYP3A4
polymorphisms (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
rs776746 were associated with variations in rivaroxaban PK/PD. The minor allele (C) carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were correlated with clinical outcomes.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Atrial Fibrillation - drug therapy</subject><subject>Atrial Fibrillation - genetics</subject><subject>Bleeding</subject><subject>Blood Coagulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Blood Coagulation - genetics</subject><subject>Cardiac arrhythmia</subject><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Clinical outcomes</subject><subject>Coagulation</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - genetics</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytochrome P450</subject><subject>Cytochromes P450</subject><subject>Factor Xa Inhibitors - adverse effects</subject><subject>Factor Xa Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Factor Xa Inhibitors - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrillation</subject><subject>Gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Genotyping</subject><subject>Hemorrhage - chemically induced</subject><subject>Hemorrhage - genetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mutants</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Partial Thromboplastin Time</subject><subject>Pharmacodynamics</subject><subject>Pharmacogenomic Variants</subject><subject>Pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Prothrombin</subject><subject>Prothrombin Time</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Rivaroxaban - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Rivaroxaban - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</subject><subject>Thromboplastin</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>0920-3206</issn><issn>1573-7241</issn><issn>1573-7241</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9OFjEUxRsjkU_0BVyYJm7cjPTvdLr8MgE0gUCMLlw1nU4LxZkW2476PQjva3EAExaumtz-zjn35gDwBqMPGCFxmDHiXDSI0AYJJnnDnoEN5oI2gjD8HGyQJKihBLX74GXO16iKpOxegH0qOCMt7jbg9mwpOhTYf7ugW3bIYR9TspMudoS_fLmC_eSDN3qC50sxcbYZDju4dc6a4sMl_Ox_6hR_60EHeHGl06xN_O6DLd5kqMP4OBx3Qc93Q19BXbwNJa8J25J89T_2Q_JTTfYxvAJ7Tk_Zvr5_D8DX46Mv_cfm9PzkU789bUy9oDTEupELjmXLLBsJ1t3I5UAH6lzXjWgYOjfQUWoimOWSG0SI41ZgbFonGdX0ALxffW9S_LHYXNTss7F1i2DjkhXpWCuJkG1X0XdP0Ou4pFC3UxQz2dIOsbZSZKVMijkn69RN8rNOO4WRuitNraWpWpr6W5piVfT23noZZjs-Sh5aqgBdgVy_wqVN_7L_Y_sHLGyjuQ</recordid><startdate>20241201</startdate><enddate>20241201</enddate><creator>Li, Xiaoye</creator><creator>Gu, Zhichun</creator><creator>Wang, Zi</creator><creator>Xu, Qing</creator><creator>Ma, Chunlai</creator><creator>Lv, Qianzhou</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7Z</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-7767</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241201</creationdate><title>Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation</title><author>Li, Xiaoye ; Gu, Zhichun ; Wang, Zi ; Xu, Qing ; Ma, Chunlai ; Lv, Qianzhou</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-2efd5751964e4d21a8d59b3b3ff88d0bb8fb3d9a274e595c022f5e711c6f943a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Anticoagulants</topic><topic>Atrial Fibrillation - drug therapy</topic><topic>Atrial Fibrillation - genetics</topic><topic>Bleeding</topic><topic>Blood Coagulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Blood Coagulation - genetics</topic><topic>Cardiac arrhythmia</topic><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Clinical outcomes</topic><topic>Coagulation</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - genetics</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - metabolism</topic><topic>Cytochrome P450</topic><topic>Cytochromes P450</topic><topic>Factor Xa Inhibitors - adverse effects</topic><topic>Factor Xa Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Factor Xa Inhibitors - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrillation</topic><topic>Gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Genotyping</topic><topic>Hemorrhage - chemically induced</topic><topic>Hemorrhage - genetics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mutants</topic><topic>Nucleotides</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Partial Thromboplastin Time</topic><topic>Pharmacodynamics</topic><topic>Pharmacogenomic Variants</topic><topic>Pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Prothrombin</topic><topic>Prothrombin Time</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Rivaroxaban - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Rivaroxaban - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</topic><topic>Thromboplastin</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiaoye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gu, Zhichun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Qing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Chunlai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Qianzhou</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biochemistry Abstracts 1</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Cardiovascular drugs and therapy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Xiaoye</au><au>Gu, Zhichun</au><au>Wang, Zi</au><au>Xu, Qing</au><au>Ma, Chunlai</au><au>Lv, Qianzhou</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation</atitle><jtitle>Cardiovascular drugs and therapy</jtitle><stitle>Cardiovasc Drugs Ther</stitle><addtitle>Cardiovasc Drugs Ther</addtitle><date>2024-12-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1315</spage><epage>1325</epage><pages>1315-1325</pages><issn>0920-3206</issn><issn>1573-7241</issn><eissn>1573-7241</eissn><abstract>Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects.
Method
A prospective study enrolling 165 rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF was conducted. Genotyping of
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, rs3735451, and rs4646440) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) was performed to explore their impact on the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of rivaroxaban, coagulation indicators at the
C
trough
including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), and clinical outcomes.
Results
Patients with mutant genotype
CYP3A4
(rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
(rs776746) had higher levels of rivaroxaban
C
trough
, PT values than that of wild-type. Furthermore, a positive relationship was revealed between
C
trough
and PT (
r
= 0.212,
p
= 0.007), while no significant correlation was found between
C
trough
and APTT. Regarding the clinical outcomes, the minor allele carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were associated with higher incidence of minor bleeding (
p
= 0.028 and
p
= 0.038, respectively) and were identified as the independent risk factors of minor bleeding treated with rivaroxaban (
p
= 0.024 and
p
= 0.036, respectively), with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated (AUC = 0.8956, 95% CI: 0.829–0.962).
Conclusion
The
CYP3A4
polymorphisms (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and
CYP3A5
rs776746 were associated with variations in rivaroxaban PK/PD. The minor allele (C) carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were correlated with clinical outcomes.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>37542618</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-7767</orcidid></addata></record> |
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source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Alleles Anticoagulants Atrial Fibrillation - drug therapy Atrial Fibrillation - genetics Bleeding Blood Coagulation - drug effects Blood Coagulation - genetics Cardiac arrhythmia Cardiology Clinical outcomes Coagulation Correlation Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - genetics Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - metabolism Cytochrome P450 Cytochromes P450 Factor Xa Inhibitors - adverse effects Factor Xa Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics Factor Xa Inhibitors - therapeutic use Female Fibrillation Gene polymorphism Genotyping Hemorrhage - chemically induced Hemorrhage - genetics Humans Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Mutants Nucleotides Original Article Partial Thromboplastin Time Pharmacodynamics Pharmacogenomic Variants Pharmacokinetics Polymorphism Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Prospective Studies Prothrombin Prothrombin Time Risk factors Rivaroxaban - pharmacokinetics Rivaroxaban - therapeutic use Single-nucleotide polymorphism Thromboplastin Treatment Outcome |
title | Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation |
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