Closure to "Analytical Equation for Variation of Discharge in Drip Irrigation Laterals," by V. Ravikumar, C. R. Ranganathan, and S. Santhana Bosu

The discusser raises two points with regard to the original paper. They are as follows: 1. The effects of manufacturing variation and the number of emitters per plant have not been considered; and 2. The effect of emitter connection losses has not been considered. The writers believe that enough literature is available to take into account the above factors. The primary aim of the paper is to show that it is possible to get an analytical expression for the coefficient of variation of discharge due to hydraulic variation. Hydraulic variation is the variation of discharge due to friction and elevation differences, as used by Bralts et al. (1987). However, since doubts have been raised, we present below the clarifications. In the last line of the first paragraph in the Introduction of the original paper, it has been stated that the merit of the statistical uniformity concept is that all the factors such as lateral line friction, elevation differences, emitter manufacturing, and emitter plugging could be included in the final uniformity estimate.