Enzyme-mediated Ru@UiO-66@MnO2 NSs/thiamine-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor for visual detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues

[Display omitted] •An enzyme-mediated ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed.•Ru@UiO-66 acted as a reference signal and thiamine acted as a response signal.•It integrated quenching effect, enzyme-like activity and enzyme inhibition.•It exhibited excellent analytical performance against dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos.•Ratiometric fluorescent hydrogels were developed for portable visual detection. In view of the potential hazards of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), this paper constructed a ratiometric fluorescent probe utilizing a functionalized metal–organic framework to detect OPs. Ru(bpy)3Cl2 was encapsulated inside UiO-66 as a reference signal, and MnO2 nanosheets (MnO2 NSs) were grown on the surface to obtain Ru@UiO-66@MnO2 NSs. Acetylcholinesterase catalyzed the decomposition of acetylcholine into reductive thiocholine, which consumed MnO2 NSs, thus restoring the Ru@UiO-66 fluorescence. Due to the enzymatic inhibition of OPs and the redox reaction between MnO2 NSs and thiamine, this probe emitted blue fluorescence in the presence of OPs. The probe achieved linear responses to dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos with LODs of 9.99 × 10-6 μg mL−1 and 9.99 × 10-5 μg mL−1. The probe exhibited a satisfactory recovery rate for OPs in green tea. Furthermore, a hydrogel detection platform was developed by embedding the probe into sodium alginate. Overall, this work provides a visual approach to detect OPs in agricultural products.