Evaluating the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Local Injection on the Intraoperative Bleeding Amount and the Postoperative Edema and Ecchymosis in Primary Rhinoplasty Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background and Aims The purpose of this study was assessing the effect of local injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) on the amount of bleeding during the primary rhinoplasty and edema and ecchymosis following the surgery. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 50 patients applying for primary rhinoplasty were divided into two groups of intervention and observation. In the intervention group, 10 mg/kg of TXA was injected locally to the operation field. In the observation group, no medicine was injected. The same anesthesia technique was used during the operation for all the patients. Age, sex, blood pressure, bleeding amount during the operation, the amount of edema and ecchymosis on the first and seventh day after the surgery were noted. The data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 24 and using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage of frequency and Fisher and Mann–Whitney’s exact statistical tests. Results Our results showed that there was a significant difference between the amounts of bleeding during the surgery between two groups ( P -value < 0.001). Also, the postoperative edema on the first and seventh day in intervention group was less than the observation group ( P -value < 0.001). There were no complications during the surgery and in the follow-up of the patients. Conclusion We revealed that local injection of TXA during the rhinoplasty procedure and decreased the intraoperative bleeding and postoperative ecchymosis and edema without any side effects and complications. Level of Evidence III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266