Glycemic status and its association with retinal age gap: Insights from the UK biobank study

To investigate associations between different glycemic status and biological age indexed by retinal age gap. A total of 28,919 participants from the UK Biobank study with available glycemic status and qualified retinal imaging data were included in the present analysis. Glycemic status included type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) disease status and glycemic indicators of plasma glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose. Retinal age gap was defined as the difference between the retina-predicted age and chronological age. Linear regression models estimated the association of different glycemic status with retinal age gap. Prediabetes and T2D was significantly associated with higher retinal age gaps compared to normoglycemia (regression coefficient [β] = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.40, P = 0.001; β = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.83–1.29, P