Bilioptysis Caused by Bronchobiliary Fistula

Trieu et al discuss the case study of a 75-year-old woman with cough, productive of copious, thin, bright yellow sputum. Her history was notable for hepatocellular carcinoma treated with multiple lines of therapy (including resections, transarterial chemoembolization, and radiofrequency ablation), cholangitis, and left hepatic duct stricture requiring stent placement. Her cough developed after recent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for stent removal. She was treated for Escherichia coli pneumonia but re-presented describing worsening cough.