Improvement of the sensitivity of the scalar indicators (crest factor, kurtosis) using a de-noising method by spectral subtraction: application to the detection of defects in ball bearings

The aim of this article is to show the interest of spectral subtraction for the improvement of the sensitivity of scalar indicators (crest factor, kurtosis) within the application of conditional maintenance by vibratory analysis on ball bearings. The case of a bearing in good conditions of use is considered; the distribution of amplitudes in the signal is of Gaussian kind. When the bearing is damaged, the appearance of spallings comes to disturb this signal, thus modifying this distribution. This modification is due to the presence of periodical impulses produced each time a rolling element meets a discontinuity on its way. Nevertheless, the presence of background noise induced by random impulse excitations can have an influence on the values of these temporal indicators. The de-noising of these signals by spectral subtraction in different frequency bands allows to improve the sensitivity of these indicators and to increase the reliability of the diagnosis.