Hydriding effects on negative cell electrode

Internal friction (IF) and modulus measurements have been carried out on a composite material taken from the negative electrode of a commercial Ni–metal-hydride (Ni–MH) battery, both in the as-received condition and after in situ gaseous hydrogen exposure, using a sub-resonant torsion pendulum at fixed frequencies between 0.1 and 10 Hz in the temperature range 90–450 K. In both cases the IF spectrum is composed by two peaks: P1 at 190 K and P2 at 290 K, with corresponding modulus variations. The P1 data are detected to be due to a thermally activated process which frequency shift activation energy is (0.175±0.004) eV and fitted to a relaxation peak with a larger wide respect to a Debye peak, being β equal to 2.2. It is interpreted to be due to the movement of misfit dislocations within the AB 5 intermetallic-type alloy particles in the presence of nearby H atoms, acting as a Cottrell atmosphere. Peak P2 is ascribed to the decomposition and formation of hydride phase in the alloy particles upon heating and cooling, respectively. The peak heights are shown to increase in the hydrided samples, supporting the above interpretation. These results are also discussed in connection with previous measurements on an electrode material prepared at the laboratory.