Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)
Vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the formation and maintenance of the human brain, but studies evaluating these vitamins with early childhood development (ECD) in children under 5 y are limited and controversial. To evaluate the association between vitamins B6, B12, and folate concentr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of clinical nutrition 2023-07, Vol.118 (1), p.162-173 |
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| creator | Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina Andrade, Pedro Gomes Normando, Paula Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino Farias, Dayana Rodrigues Kac, Gilberto |
| description | Vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the formation and maintenance of the human brain, but studies evaluating these vitamins with early childhood development (ECD) in children under 5 y are limited and controversial.
To evaluate the association between vitamins B6, B12, and folate concentrations/status and ECD.
Data regarding 6520 children aged 6–59 mo from the ENANI-2019 (the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition) were analyzed. ECD was assessed using the Survey of Well-being of Young Children’s milestones questionnaire. Vitamin B6 concentration (nmol/L) was classified according to the tertile of the distribution and with the cutoff 45.3 nmol/L were classified as high, and vitamin B12 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.026 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2807919418</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0002916523473844</els_id><sourcerecordid>2807919418</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-6592d99bd5f6dd7ef13897a94913b390ad978ad889758ab5b6927be2a18254953</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc2KFDEUhYMoTjv6BiIBNyNMlfmpVFVcCN3NqANDC_6sQ6qSotOkkp4k1TKufAdfySfxSUzRPS5cuEoI37nn3BwAnmNUYoTr17tS7no3pZIgQktUlYjUD8ACc9oWlKDmIVgghEjBcc3OwJMYdwhhUrX1Y3BGG4wYI2QBfi1j9L2RyXgH_QCVPmjr96N2Cd5OPpn58s2kLcxWwcyYtDAmmaY48weT5GhchKv6Eq4wuYTSKTh4K5OGxsH694-fjBejd2lbeKtgvzVWBe3ewE86TjZFOAQ_wrTVcBXkd2ONdHAjT0afp3DQdzBnW886uLkPAS-uNsvNdUEQ5q-egkeDtFE_O53n4Ou7qy_rD8XNx_fX6-VN0VOOUlEzThTnnWJDrVSjB0xb3khecUy7TEjFm1aqNj-yVnasqzlpOk0kbgmrOKPn4OI4dx_87aRjEqOJvbZWOu2nKEiLGo55hduMvvwH3fkp5JVmijJCWU6TqepI9cHHGPQg9sGMMtwJjMTcstiJY8tiblmgSuSWs-zFafjUjVr9Fd3XmoG3R0Dn3zgYHUTsc5O9ViboPgnlzf8d_gDYfrsj</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2835235659</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)</title><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina ; Andrade, Pedro Gomes ; Normando, Paula ; Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte ; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo ; Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de ; Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino ; Farias, Dayana Rodrigues ; Kac, Gilberto</creator><creatorcontrib>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina ; Andrade, Pedro Gomes ; Normando, Paula ; Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte ; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo ; Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de ; Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino ; Farias, Dayana Rodrigues ; Kac, Gilberto</creatorcontrib><description>Vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the formation and maintenance of the human brain, but studies evaluating these vitamins with early childhood development (ECD) in children under 5 y are limited and controversial.
To evaluate the association between vitamins B6, B12, and folate concentrations/status and ECD.
Data regarding 6520 children aged 6–59 mo from the ENANI-2019 (the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition) were analyzed. ECD was assessed using the Survey of Well-being of Young Children’s milestones questionnaire. Vitamin B6 concentration (nmol/L) was classified according to the tertile of the distribution and with the cutoff <20 nmol/L. Folate concentrations >45.3 nmol/L were classified as high, and vitamin B12 <150 pmol/L was deficient. The graded response model was used to estimate developmental age, and the developmental quotient (DQ) was calculated as the developmental age divided by chronological age. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for confounders.
The DQ mean (95% confidence interval) for Brazilian children was 0.99 (0.97–1.01). Children aged 6–23 mo [1.13 (1.10–1.16)] had a higher DQ mean than those aged 24–35 [0.99 (0.95–1.03)] and 36–59 mo [0.89 (0.86–0.92)]. Child age was inversely associated with DQ (β = –0.007; P < 0.001). An interaction between child age and vitamin B12 deficiency in the DQ (β = –0.005; P < 0.001) indicated that, in children aged 36–59 mo, the DQ was markedly lower in children with vitamin B12 deficiency than in those without vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 concentrations were directly associated with the DQ (β = 0.0004; P = 0.031) among children aged 24–59 mo in the adjusted model. No association was observed between folate status and DQ.
In Brazil, the DQ is lower among older children and those with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 status was directly associated with the DQ in children aged 24–59 mo.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3207</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.026</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37105522</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Age ; B vitamins ; Children ; Children & youth ; cobalamin ; Cyanocobalamin ; early child development ; Evaluation ; folate ; Folic acid ; Human nutrition ; Infant nutrition ; low-income countries ; neurodevelopment ; Nutritional status ; Pyridoxine ; Quotients ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Statistical analysis ; Surveys ; SWCY ; Vitamin B ; Vitamin B12 ; Vitamin B6 ; Vitamin deficiency ; Vitamins ; Well being</subject><ispartof>The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2023-07, Vol.118 (1), p.162-173</ispartof><rights>2023 American Society for Nutrition</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc. Jul 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-6592d99bd5f6dd7ef13897a94913b390ad978ad889758ab5b6927be2a18254953</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-6592d99bd5f6dd7ef13897a94913b390ad978ad889758ab5b6927be2a18254953</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37105522$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrade, Pedro Gomes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Normando, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farias, Dayana Rodrigues</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kac, Gilberto</creatorcontrib><title>Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)</title><title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>Vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the formation and maintenance of the human brain, but studies evaluating these vitamins with early childhood development (ECD) in children under 5 y are limited and controversial.
To evaluate the association between vitamins B6, B12, and folate concentrations/status and ECD.
Data regarding 6520 children aged 6–59 mo from the ENANI-2019 (the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition) were analyzed. ECD was assessed using the Survey of Well-being of Young Children’s milestones questionnaire. Vitamin B6 concentration (nmol/L) was classified according to the tertile of the distribution and with the cutoff <20 nmol/L. Folate concentrations >45.3 nmol/L were classified as high, and vitamin B12 <150 pmol/L was deficient. The graded response model was used to estimate developmental age, and the developmental quotient (DQ) was calculated as the developmental age divided by chronological age. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for confounders.
The DQ mean (95% confidence interval) for Brazilian children was 0.99 (0.97–1.01). Children aged 6–23 mo [1.13 (1.10–1.16)] had a higher DQ mean than those aged 24–35 [0.99 (0.95–1.03)] and 36–59 mo [0.89 (0.86–0.92)]. Child age was inversely associated with DQ (β = –0.007; P < 0.001). An interaction between child age and vitamin B12 deficiency in the DQ (β = –0.005; P < 0.001) indicated that, in children aged 36–59 mo, the DQ was markedly lower in children with vitamin B12 deficiency than in those without vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 concentrations were directly associated with the DQ (β = 0.0004; P = 0.031) among children aged 24–59 mo in the adjusted model. No association was observed between folate status and DQ.
In Brazil, the DQ is lower among older children and those with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 status was directly associated with the DQ in children aged 24–59 mo.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>B vitamins</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>cobalamin</subject><subject>Cyanocobalamin</subject><subject>early child development</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>folate</subject><subject>Folic acid</subject><subject>Human nutrition</subject><subject>Infant nutrition</subject><subject>low-income countries</subject><subject>neurodevelopment</subject><subject>Nutritional status</subject><subject>Pyridoxine</subject><subject>Quotients</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>SWCY</subject><subject>Vitamin B</subject><subject>Vitamin B12</subject><subject>Vitamin B6</subject><subject>Vitamin deficiency</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><subject>Well being</subject><issn>0002-9165</issn><issn>1938-3207</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc2KFDEUhYMoTjv6BiIBNyNMlfmpVFVcCN3NqANDC_6sQ6qSotOkkp4k1TKufAdfySfxSUzRPS5cuEoI37nn3BwAnmNUYoTr17tS7no3pZIgQktUlYjUD8ACc9oWlKDmIVgghEjBcc3OwJMYdwhhUrX1Y3BGG4wYI2QBfi1j9L2RyXgH_QCVPmjr96N2Cd5OPpn58s2kLcxWwcyYtDAmmaY48weT5GhchKv6Eq4wuYTSKTh4K5OGxsH694-fjBejd2lbeKtgvzVWBe3ewE86TjZFOAQ_wrTVcBXkd2ONdHAjT0afp3DQdzBnW886uLkPAS-uNsvNdUEQ5q-egkeDtFE_O53n4Ou7qy_rD8XNx_fX6-VN0VOOUlEzThTnnWJDrVSjB0xb3khecUy7TEjFm1aqNj-yVnasqzlpOk0kbgmrOKPn4OI4dx_87aRjEqOJvbZWOu2nKEiLGo55hduMvvwH3fkp5JVmijJCWU6TqepI9cHHGPQg9sGMMtwJjMTcstiJY8tiblmgSuSWs-zFafjUjVr9Fd3XmoG3R0Dn3zgYHUTsc5O9ViboPgnlzf8d_gDYfrsj</recordid><startdate>202307</startdate><enddate>202307</enddate><creator>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina</creator><creator>Andrade, Pedro Gomes</creator><creator>Normando, Paula</creator><creator>Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte</creator><creator>Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo</creator><creator>Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de</creator><creator>Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino</creator><creator>Farias, Dayana Rodrigues</creator><creator>Kac, Gilberto</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202307</creationdate><title>Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)</title><author>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina ; Andrade, Pedro Gomes ; Normando, Paula ; Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte ; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo ; Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de ; Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino ; Farias, Dayana Rodrigues ; Kac, Gilberto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-6592d99bd5f6dd7ef13897a94913b390ad978ad889758ab5b6927be2a18254953</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>B vitamins</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>cobalamin</topic><topic>Cyanocobalamin</topic><topic>early child development</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>folate</topic><topic>Folic acid</topic><topic>Human nutrition</topic><topic>Infant nutrition</topic><topic>low-income countries</topic><topic>neurodevelopment</topic><topic>Nutritional status</topic><topic>Pyridoxine</topic><topic>Quotients</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Regression models</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>SWCY</topic><topic>Vitamin B</topic><topic>Vitamin B12</topic><topic>Vitamin B6</topic><topic>Vitamin deficiency</topic><topic>Vitamins</topic><topic>Well being</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrade, Pedro Gomes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Normando, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farias, Dayana Rodrigues</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kac, Gilberto</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Freitas-Costa, Nathalia Cristina</au><au>Andrade, Pedro Gomes</au><au>Normando, Paula</au><au>Nunes, Keronlainy Silva Salvatte</au><au>Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo</au><au>Castro, Inês Rugani Ribeiro de</au><au>Lacerda, Elisa Maria de Aquino</au><au>Farias, Dayana Rodrigues</au><au>Kac, Gilberto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2023-07</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>118</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>162</spage><epage>173</epage><pages>162-173</pages><issn>0002-9165</issn><eissn>1938-3207</eissn><abstract>Vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the formation and maintenance of the human brain, but studies evaluating these vitamins with early childhood development (ECD) in children under 5 y are limited and controversial.
To evaluate the association between vitamins B6, B12, and folate concentrations/status and ECD.
Data regarding 6520 children aged 6–59 mo from the ENANI-2019 (the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition) were analyzed. ECD was assessed using the Survey of Well-being of Young Children’s milestones questionnaire. Vitamin B6 concentration (nmol/L) was classified according to the tertile of the distribution and with the cutoff <20 nmol/L. Folate concentrations >45.3 nmol/L were classified as high, and vitamin B12 <150 pmol/L was deficient. The graded response model was used to estimate developmental age, and the developmental quotient (DQ) was calculated as the developmental age divided by chronological age. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for confounders.
The DQ mean (95% confidence interval) for Brazilian children was 0.99 (0.97–1.01). Children aged 6–23 mo [1.13 (1.10–1.16)] had a higher DQ mean than those aged 24–35 [0.99 (0.95–1.03)] and 36–59 mo [0.89 (0.86–0.92)]. Child age was inversely associated with DQ (β = –0.007; P < 0.001). An interaction between child age and vitamin B12 deficiency in the DQ (β = –0.005; P < 0.001) indicated that, in children aged 36–59 mo, the DQ was markedly lower in children with vitamin B12 deficiency than in those without vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 concentrations were directly associated with the DQ (β = 0.0004; P = 0.031) among children aged 24–59 mo in the adjusted model. No association was observed between folate status and DQ.
In Brazil, the DQ is lower among older children and those with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 status was directly associated with the DQ in children aged 24–59 mo.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>37105522</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.026</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age B vitamins Children Children & youth cobalamin Cyanocobalamin early child development Evaluation folate Folic acid Human nutrition Infant nutrition low-income countries neurodevelopment Nutritional status Pyridoxine Quotients Regression analysis Regression models Statistical analysis Surveys SWCY Vitamin B Vitamin B12 Vitamin B6 Vitamin deficiency Vitamins Well being |
| title | Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6–59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) |
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