Raman spectroscopy-based biomarker screening by studying the fingerprint and lipid characteristics of Polycythem..a Vera cases blood serum

•The raman shift at 1410 cm−1 is a potential polycythemia vera spectroscopy marker.•Polycythemia vera patients have higher levels of lipids in their blood serum.•Polycythemia vera patients have a lower level of amides in their blood serum.•The partial least square discriminant analysis model has an accuracy of around 90%.•There is a correlation between polycythemia vera medical parameters and raman intensities. This study aimed to develop a novel approach for diagnosing Polycythemia Vera (PV), a stem cell-derived neoplasm of the myeloid lineage. The approach utilized Raman spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis to analyze blood serum samples collected from PV patients. The results showed that PV serum exhibited lower protein and lipid levels and structural changes in the functional groups that comprise proteins and lipids. The study also demonstrated differences in lipid biosynthesis and protein levels in PV serum. Using the Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) model, Raman-based multivariate analysis achieved high accuracy rates of 96.49 and 93.04% in the training sets and 93.10% and 89.66% in the test sets for the 800–1800 cm-1 and 2700–3000 cm-1 ranges, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the test datasets were calculated as 0.92 and 0.89 in the 800–1800 cm-1 and 2700–3000 cm-1 spectral regions, respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of the PLS-DA models for the diagnosis of PV. This study highlights the potential of Raman spectroscopy-based analysis in the early and accurate diagnosis of PV, enabling the application of effective treatment strategies. [Display omitted]