The effect of marine algae-derived exosomes on breast cancer cells: Hypothesis on a new treatment for cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Therefore, further research in this area remains necessary. In pursuit of cancer treatment, the use of aquatic and marine resources has been considered in recent years. Marine algae create a wide variety of metabolites with different biological activities, and their anticancer properties have been reported in several studies. With particles ranging in size between 30 and 100 nm in size, exosomes are a class of cell-released extracellular vesicles that contain DNA, RNA, and proteins. Nontoxic properties and lack of an immune response are critical considerations in the medical use of exosome nanoparticles. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes are used for cancer therapy and in several drug delivery trials; however, no study so far has been done on exosomes derived from marine algae. Research has shown that three-dimensional (3D) models of cancer are advantageous for studying drug effects. This hypothesis aims to design a 3D model of breast cancer in vitro and evaluate cell growth after treatment with a marine algae-derived exosome.