Topographical study of scapular foramina and scapular nutrient foramina in dried skeletons

Purpose The aim of our study is to study the prevalence and anatomy of scapular foramina (SF) and scapular nutrient foramina (SNF) in dried skeletons from the Northeastern Thai population. Methods A total of 150 dried scapulae were investigated. Both SF and SNF were identified using a metal wire with a diameter of 0.36 mm. The number, locations, lengths, and diameters of SF were recorded. Subsequently, SNF were identified using the same metal wire. Their number and locations were recorded. Two observers performed the evaluations and measurements. Results SF were present in 78.0% of scapulae. They could have up to five openings. Eighteen types were found. On average they were longer in males (21.7 ± 5.0 mm) than females (19.45 ± 4.6 mm). The mean diameters of both the superior and inferior openings were significantly greater in females ( p