Impact of double Rayleigh scattering noise in distributed higher order Raman pumping schemes

Impact of double Rayleigh scattering noise in distributed higher order Raman pumping schemes

We analyze the equivalent optical noise figure (NF) performances and double Rayleigh-scattering-induced noise characteristics of distributed Raman amplifiers based on higher order pumping schemes. We confirm that higher order counterpumping configurations improve the amplifier equivalent NF but also...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE photonics technology letters 2003-06, Vol.15 (6), p.804-806
Hauptverfasser: Faralli, S., Di Pasquale, F.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Amplification
Amplifiers
Distributed amplifiers
Equivalence
Gain
Noise
Noise figure
Noise measurement
Optical amplifiers
Optical noise
Optical pumping
Performance analysis
Raman scattering
Rayleigh scattering
Semiconductor optical amplifiers
Stimulated emission
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Zusammenfassung:We analyze the equivalent optical noise figure (NF) performances and double Rayleigh-scattering-induced noise characteristics of distributed Raman amplifiers based on higher order pumping schemes. We confirm that higher order counterpumping configurations improve the amplifier equivalent NF but also increase multipath interference noise, inducing system penalties at high ON-OFF Raman gain. A Q-factor analysis allows a quantitative evaluation of the real benefits provided by higher order pumping schemes.
ISSN:1041-1135
1941-0174
DOI:10.1109/LPT.2003.811345