Toxicity of insecticidal plant oils on the larval and adult stages of a major malaria vector (Anopheles gambiae Giles 1920)
Despite increasing reports and concerns about the development of resistance to public-health insecticides in malaria vectors, significant progress has been made in the search for alternative strategies to disrupt the disease transmission cycle by targeting insect vectors and thus sustaining vector m...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Parasitology research (1987) 2023-05, Vol.122 (5), p.1071-1078 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Despite increasing reports and concerns about the development of resistance to public-health insecticides in malaria vectors, significant progress has been made in the search for alternative strategies to disrupt the disease transmission cycle by targeting insect vectors and thus sustaining vector management. The use of insecticidal plants is a strategy that can be employed and this study investigates the toxicity potential of insecticidal plant oils shortlisted in an ethnobotanical survey on
Anopheles gambiae
larvae and adult stages. The shortlisted plants parts, the leaves of
Hyptis suaveolens
,
Ocimum gratissimum
,
Nicotiana tabacum
,
Ageratum conyzoides
, and
Citrus sinensis
fruit-peel were collected and extracted using a Clevenger apparatus. Larvae and female adults of deltamethrin-susceptible
Anopheles gambiae
were obtained from an already-established colony at the University of Ilorin's Entomological Research Laboratory. In five replicates, twenty-five third instar stage larvae were used for larvicidal assays and twenty 2–5 days old adults were used for adulticidal assays. After 24 h,
An. gambiae
exposed to
Hy. suaveolens
and
Ci. sinensis
exhibited significantly higher larval toxicity (94.7–100%). The mortality induced by the oils of the four plants peaked at 100% after 48 h.
Ni. tabacum
(0.50 mg/ml) induced the highest percentage of adult mortality on
An. gambiae
(100%) when compared to the positive control Deltamethrin (0.05%). The lowest KdT
50
was observed with 0.25 mg/ml of
Ni. tabacum
(20.3 min), and the lowest KdT
95
was observed with 0.10 mg/ml of
Ag. conyzoides
(35.97 min) against adult
An. gambiae
. The evaluated plant oils demonstrated significant larval and adult mortality rates, lower lethal concentrations, and knockdown times, indicating promising results that can be further developed for malaria vector management.
Graphical Abstract |
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ISSN: | 0932-0113 1432-1955 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00436-023-07806-6 |