Dynamics Behavior of Droplet Impact on a Controllable Curved Micropillar Array Surface Induced by a Magnetic Field

Many fields would greatly benefit from the realization of the manipulation of droplet impact behavior by an asymmetric surface structure, such as self-cleaning, anti-icing, inkjet printing, etc. However, research on the prediction of the impact of the dynamics of small-volume droplets on the asymmetric superhydrophobic surface has been insufficient. In this study, a superhydrophobic curved micropillar array surface with controllable bending angles induced by a magnetic field was prepared. The impact and rebound behaviors of the nanoliter droplets with diameters of 100–300 μm were investigated. The experimental results showed the positive correlation between the threshold Weber number of the impact morphology transition of the droplet and the inclination angle of the micropillar. In addition, the restitution coefficient, which measures the degree of energy loss during the impact process, showed a nonmonotonic dependence on the Weber number. A critical velocity model of the impact morphology transition of the droplet on the curved micropillar array surface and a prediction model of the restitution coefficient of the droplet in different impact morphologies are suggested. Our findings will help in the design of a functional surface for manipulating the impact behavior of the droplet.