Investigating the hemodynamic implications of triangular cross-sectioned superior sagittal sinus vessels and the errors associated with idealised modelling

The superior sagittal sinus (SSS) is a blood vessel that is often observed to be approximately triangular in cross-section, due to how the venous wall attaches to the surrounding tissue. Despite this, the vessel has been assumed to be circular, when models are generated without patient-specific data. In this study, the differences between the cerebral hemodynamics of one circular, three triangular and five patient-specific cross-sectional models of a SSS were conducted. The errors associated with using circular cross-sectioned flow extensions were also determined. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were generated from these geometries, with a population mean transient blood flow profile incorporated. The maximal helicity of the fluid flow was found to be elevated in the triangular cross-section, compared to the circular, with a higher wall shear stress (WSS) observed over a smaller, more concentrated region on the posterior sinus wall. The errors associated with using a circular cross-section were detailed, with the cross-sectional area appearing to have a greater influence on the hemodynamic parameters than the triangularity or circularity of the cross-section. This highlighted the importance of exhibiting caution when incorporating idealised modelling, especially when commenting on the true hemodynamics of these models. Errors were also found to be induced when using a circular cross-sectioned flow extension, for a geometry which was non-circular. This study highlights the importance of understanding the human anatomy when modelling blood vessels.