Garcowacinols A-J, cytotoxic polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives from the twigs of Garcinia cowa

Ten undescribed polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives named garcowacinols A‒J (1–10) and four known analogues (11–14) were isolated from the twigs of Garcinia cowa. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis (1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS), and their absolute configurations were established based on NOESY and ECD data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five types of human cancer cells (KB, HeLa S3, MCF-7, Hep G2, and HT-29) as well as Vero cells by MTT colorimetric assay. Garcowacinol C was significantly active against all the five cancer cells with IC50 values in the range of 0.61–9.50 μM. Selective proliferative inhibitions were observed on garcowacinol F and 7-epiclusianone against KB cells, and guttiferone Q toward MCF-7 cells with IC50 values less than 10 μM. Ten undescribed polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives, named garcowacinols A‒J were isolated from the twigs of Garcinia cowa and their cytotoxicity. [Display omitted] •Ten undescribed polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinols were isolated from Garcinia cowa.•All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity.•Garcowacinol C was significantly active against five human cancer cell lines.