Biochemical and histological insights of 1,4-polyisoprene isolated from Sphenocentrum jollyanum pierre (menispermaceae) stem in wound healing activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Sphenocentrum jollyanum whole stem extract is used traditionally in combination with its leaves to treat chronic wounds and also ameliorate conditions that exacerbate wounds such as diabetes mellitus. The study isolated the major wound healing bioactive compound from the non-polar fraction of S. jollyanum extract and evaluated the in vivo wound healing activity of a 0.10% w/w 1,4-polyisoprene-based ointment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The major bioactive constituent of S. jollyanum was isolated using a wound healing activity-guided approach and characterized the compound using 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The wound healing activity study adopted both excision (wound contraction) and incision (biochemical) models. In the excision model, the 1,4-polyisoprene caused 99% wound closure and restored the excised wound on day 12. On the 6th and 12th post-wounding days, 1,4-polyisoprene caused a significant (p