The Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Stability of Orthodontic Mini-implants in Human and Animal Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The present study aimed to systematically explore available literature on the possible impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the stability and success of orthodontic mini-implants. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and Embase databases for human and animal studies published until July 2021. Two independent researchers reviewed the studies based on specific eligibility criteria. 15 studies were included in the systematic review after a comprehensive search. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Four were human RCT studies that evaluated the stability with Preriotest. Three other human RCT studies and two animal studies had evaluated the Implant stability quotient (ISQ). Two human RCTs that had evaluated displacement of mini-implants were also analyzed. The analysis of Periotest stability results showed a positive effect of PBM on mini-implant stability at 30 and 60 days after implantation (