Association between iodine intake and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area: a nationwide population-based study
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered very important because of the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Identifying modifiable factors may help prevent MetS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary factor and MetS in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete...
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| creator | Kim, Hye Jeong Park, Suyeon Park, Sang Joon Park, Hyeong Kyu Byun, Dong Won Suh, Kyoil Yoo, Myung Hi |
| description | Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered very important because of the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Identifying modifiable factors may help prevent MetS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary factor and MetS in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area. A total of 4,277 adult aged ≥19 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015) with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) results and normal thyroid function were included. Participants were grouped according to their iodine nutrition status based on the WHO recommendations and modifications: insufficient ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0389 |
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Identifying modifiable factors may help prevent MetS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary factor and MetS in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area. A total of 4,277 adult aged ≥19 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015) with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) results and normal thyroid function were included. Participants were grouped according to their iodine nutrition status based on the WHO recommendations and modifications: insufficient (<100 μg/L), adequate (100–299 μg/L), and excessive (≥300 μg/L) iodine intake. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS according to the UIC groups using logistic regression models. Of the study participants, 27.2% men and 23.9% women had MetS. Men with excessive iodine intake had a significantly lower risk of elevated triglycerides [OR 0.733, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.603–0.890, p = 0.010], as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. Women with insufficient iodine intake had a significantly greater risk of elevated blood glucose (OR 1.519, 95% CI 1.011–2.282, p = 0.044), as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. In women, insufficient iodine intake was a significant risk factor for MetS compared to adequate iodine intake, even after adjusting for confounding variables including age, smoking, alcohol consumption, walking activity, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (OR 1.544, 95% CI 1.031–2.311, p = 0.035). There was no association between iodine intake and risk of MetS in men. In conclusion, insufficient iodine intake was associated with an increased risk of MetS only in euthyroid adult women. Our data support that sex differences may influence the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary pattern and MetS.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0918-8959</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1348-4540</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0389</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36567075</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: The Japan Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Dietary intake ; Female ; Goiter, Nodular - epidemiology ; Humans ; Iodide peroxidase ; Iodine ; Iodine - administration & dosage ; Male ; Metabolic syndrome ; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritional Status ; Population studies ; Population-based studies ; Prevalence ; Regression analysis ; Republic of Korea - epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Sex differences ; Thyroid ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid-stimulating hormone ; Thyroxine ; Triglycerides</subject><ispartof>Endocrine Journal, 2022, pp.EJ22-0389</ispartof><rights>The Japan Endocrine Society</rights><rights>Copyright Japan Science and Technology Agency 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c655t-491bf37089edb2cfc267e626c0afba098a55425718c8067588a755d60dbf82ee3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c655t-491bf37089edb2cfc267e626c0afba098a55425718c8067588a755d60dbf82ee3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,1877,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36567075$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hye Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Suyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Sang Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hyeong Kyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byun, Dong Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Kyoil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoo, Myung Hi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elim Thyroid Clinic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Biostatistics</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Internal Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soonchunhyang University Hospital</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism</creatorcontrib><title>Association between iodine intake and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area: a nationwide population-based study</title><title>ENDOCRINE JOURNAL</title><addtitle>Endocr J</addtitle><description>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered very important because of the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Identifying modifiable factors may help prevent MetS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary factor and MetS in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area. A total of 4,277 adult aged ≥19 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015) with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) results and normal thyroid function were included. Participants were grouped according to their iodine nutrition status based on the WHO recommendations and modifications: insufficient (<100 μg/L), adequate (100–299 μg/L), and excessive (≥300 μg/L) iodine intake. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS according to the UIC groups using logistic regression models. Of the study participants, 27.2% men and 23.9% women had MetS. Men with excessive iodine intake had a significantly lower risk of elevated triglycerides [OR 0.733, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.603–0.890, p = 0.010], as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. Women with insufficient iodine intake had a significantly greater risk of elevated blood glucose (OR 1.519, 95% CI 1.011–2.282, p = 0.044), as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. In women, insufficient iodine intake was a significant risk factor for MetS compared to adequate iodine intake, even after adjusting for confounding variables including age, smoking, alcohol consumption, walking activity, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (OR 1.544, 95% CI 1.031–2.311, p = 0.035). There was no association between iodine intake and risk of MetS in men. In conclusion, insufficient iodine intake was associated with an increased risk of MetS only in euthyroid adult women. Our data support that sex differences may influence the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary pattern and MetS.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Goiter, Nodular - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iodide peroxidase</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Iodine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic syndrome</subject><subject>Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nutrition Surveys</subject><subject>Nutritional Status</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Population-based studies</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sex differences</subject><subject>Thyroid</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid-stimulating hormone</subject><subject>Thyroxine</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><issn>0918-8959</issn><issn>1348-4540</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdUcFu1DAQjRCILoUP4IIsceGS4tix43CrqlJAlXqBszWxJ9RL1t7aDtX-Al-Ns7tdJE7j8bz35mleVb1t6EUjaPcRvQ0mri-uvzFWU676Z9Wq4a2qW9HS59WK9o2qVS_6s-pVSmtKORctf1mdcSlkRzuxqv5cphSMg-yCJwPmR0RPXLDOI3E-wy8k4C3ZYIYhTM6QtPM2hs0yJTjn-10MzhKw85SXL3hi1xG3E-ZCjwifCBC_3_HoLJJt2M7Tvq0HSGhJyrPdva5ejDAlfHOs59WPz9ffr77Ut3c3X68ub2sjhch12zfDyDuqerQDM6NhskPJpKEwDkB7BUK0THSNMorKTigFnRBWUjuMiiHy8-rDQXcbw8OMKeuNSwanCTyGOWlWOOVObdcU6Pv_oOswR1_caaaYkL0SXBVUc0CZGFKKOOptdBuIO91QvQSlj0HpJSi9BFU4747K87BBe2I8JVMANwdAmToDU_BTueq__eZB7lU1o4xrSjtK21Jkke9L39KmLZNeLfbuDkrrlOEnnlZBzM5MeDIH9ncxo-nT42T2hDT3EAuc_wV_xsbI</recordid><startdate>20230101</startdate><enddate>20230101</enddate><creator>Kim, Hye Jeong</creator><creator>Park, Suyeon</creator><creator>Park, Sang Joon</creator><creator>Park, Hyeong Kyu</creator><creator>Byun, Dong Won</creator><creator>Suh, Kyoil</creator><creator>Yoo, Myung Hi</creator><general>The Japan Endocrine Society</general><general>Japan Science and Technology Agency</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230101</creationdate><title>Association between iodine intake and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area: a nationwide population-based study</title><author>Kim, Hye Jeong ; Park, Suyeon ; Park, Sang Joon ; Park, Hyeong Kyu ; Byun, Dong Won ; Suh, Kyoil ; Yoo, Myung Hi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c655t-491bf37089edb2cfc267e626c0afba098a55425718c8067588a755d60dbf82ee3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Dietary intake</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Goiter, Nodular - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iodide peroxidase</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Iodine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolic syndrome</topic><topic>Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nutrition Surveys</topic><topic>Nutritional Status</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Population-based studies</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sex differences</topic><topic>Thyroid</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid-stimulating hormone</topic><topic>Thyroxine</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hye Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Suyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Sang Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hyeong Kyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byun, Dong Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Kyoil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoo, Myung Hi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elim Thyroid Clinic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Biostatistics</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Internal Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soonchunhyang University Hospital</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>ENDOCRINE JOURNAL</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Hye Jeong</au><au>Park, Suyeon</au><au>Park, Sang Joon</au><au>Park, Hyeong Kyu</au><au>Byun, Dong Won</au><au>Suh, Kyoil</au><au>Yoo, Myung Hi</au><aucorp>Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine</aucorp><aucorp>Elim Thyroid Clinic</aucorp><aucorp>Department of Biostatistics</aucorp><aucorp>Department of Internal Medicine</aucorp><aucorp>Soonchunhyang University Hospital</aucorp><aucorp>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between iodine intake and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area: a nationwide population-based study</atitle><jtitle>ENDOCRINE JOURNAL</jtitle><addtitle>Endocr J</addtitle><date>2023-01-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>EJ22-0389</spage><epage>401</epage><pages>EJ22-0389-401</pages><artnum>EJ22-0389</artnum><issn>0918-8959</issn><eissn>1348-4540</eissn><abstract>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered very important because of the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Identifying modifiable factors may help prevent MetS. We aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary factor and MetS in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area. A total of 4,277 adult aged ≥19 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015) with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) results and normal thyroid function were included. Participants were grouped according to their iodine nutrition status based on the WHO recommendations and modifications: insufficient (<100 μg/L), adequate (100–299 μg/L), and excessive (≥300 μg/L) iodine intake. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS according to the UIC groups using logistic regression models. Of the study participants, 27.2% men and 23.9% women had MetS. Men with excessive iodine intake had a significantly lower risk of elevated triglycerides [OR 0.733, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.603–0.890, p = 0.010], as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. Women with insufficient iodine intake had a significantly greater risk of elevated blood glucose (OR 1.519, 95% CI 1.011–2.282, p = 0.044), as compared to those with adequate iodine intake. In women, insufficient iodine intake was a significant risk factor for MetS compared to adequate iodine intake, even after adjusting for confounding variables including age, smoking, alcohol consumption, walking activity, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (OR 1.544, 95% CI 1.031–2.311, p = 0.035). There was no association between iodine intake and risk of MetS in men. In conclusion, insufficient iodine intake was associated with an increased risk of MetS only in euthyroid adult women. Our data support that sex differences may influence the relationship between iodine intake as a dietary pattern and MetS.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>The Japan Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>36567075</pmid><doi>10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0389</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | J-STAGE Free; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adult Cardiovascular diseases Dietary intake Female Goiter, Nodular - epidemiology Humans Iodide peroxidase Iodine Iodine - administration & dosage Male Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology Middle Aged Nutrition Surveys Nutritional Status Population studies Population-based studies Prevalence Regression analysis Republic of Korea - epidemiology Risk Factors Sex differences Thyroid Thyroid gland Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyroxine Triglycerides |
| title | Association between iodine intake and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid adult in an iodine-replete area: a nationwide population-based study |
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