Disparities and Trends in Genitourinary Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the USA

Incidence has increased and racial disparities persist for genitourinary cancers in the USA. Promotion of primary prevention, expansion of access to care, and increases in research funding are needed to mitigate racial disparities and halt the rising burden of these cancers. Previous studies have reported on incidence and mortality patterns for individual genitourinary cancers in the USA. However, these studies addressed individual cancer types rather than genitourinary cancers overall. To comprehensively examine disparities and trends in the incidence and mortality for the four major genitourinary cancers (bladder, kidney, prostate, and testis) in the USA. We obtained incidence data from the National Cancer Institute 22-registry Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and the US Cancer Statistics database (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics to examine cross-sectional and temporal trends in incidence and death rates stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, and county. Age-adjusted incidence and death rates were calculated using SEER*Stat software. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression for a two-sided significance level of p