Synthesis of new phenoxymethylcoumarin clubbed 4-arylthiazolylhydrazines as α-glucosidase inhibitors and their kinetics and molecular docking studies

[Display omitted] •A new series of phenoxymethylcoumarin clubbed 4-arylthiazolylhydrazines (6a-6k) were synthesized.•The structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR.•All compounds showed significant α-glucosidase activity ranging IC50 values 0.87 ± 0.02–322.61 ± 1.14 µM,•Molecular docking studies were performed to establish their structure–activity relationship and binding interaction at atomic level. The current studies mainly demonstrate the coumarin based azomethine-clubbed thiazoles synthesis and their in-vitro evaluation for the first time against α-glucosidase. Due to the catalytic role of α-glucosidase, it has become a precise target for the treatment of type diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The high rate of prevalence of diabetes and its associated health related problems led us to scrutinize the anti-diabetic capability of the synthesized thiazole derivatives (6a-6k). The anticipated structures of prepared compounds were confirmed through FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic methods. All the compounds showed several times potent activity than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 µM) against α-glucosidase with IC50 values in range of 0.87 ± 0.02–322.61 ± 1.14 µM. The compound 6k displayed the highest anti-diabetic activity (IC50 = 1.88 ± 0.03 µM). Kinetic study revealed that these are competitive inhibitors for α-glucosidase. The mode of binding of the synthesized molecules were further evaluated by molecular docking, which reflects the importance of azomethine group in protein–ligand interaction. The docking scores are complementary with the IC50 values of compounds while the interaction pattern of the compounds clearly demonstrates their structure–activity relationship. Current study reported medicinal importance of thiazole derivative as future drug candidates for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).