Elements of computational fluid dynamics on block structured grids using implicit solvers

This paper reviews computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for aerodynamic applications. The key elements of a rigorous CFD analysis are discussed. Modelling issues are summarised and the state of modern discretisation schemes considered. Implicit solution schemes are discussed in some detail, as is multiblock grid generation. The cost and availability of computing power is described in the context of cluster computing and its importance for CFD. Several complex applications are then considered in light of these simulation components. Verification and validation is presented for each application and the important flow mechanisms are shown through the use of the simulation results. The applications considered are: cavity flow, spiked body supersonic flow, underexpanded jet shock wave hysteresis, slender body aerodynamics and wing flutter. As a whole the paper aims to show the current strengths and limitations of CFD and the conclusions suggest a way of enhancing the usefulness of flow simulation for industrial class problems.