Finite element crash analysis of framed structures by the adaptively shifted integration technique

In the present study, each member of a framed structure is subdivided with two linear Timoshenko beam elements at both ends and a cubic beam element based on Bernoulli-Euler hypothesis at the center. The adaptively shifted integration (ASI) technique is used only in the linear Timonshenko beam elements. The proposed model is applied to the explicit finite element analysis of the crashing behaviors of impulsively loaded framed structures considering the effect of large deformation by the updated Largrangian formulation. Several numerical studies have been carried out in order to show the validity of the proposed numerical technique.