Implementation of intraoperative wound irrigation with aqueous 10% povidone–iodine and triclosan‐coated sutures is not effective for reducing the incidence of incisional surgical site infection after major hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic surgery in patients with preoperative biliary drainage

Background/Purpose Patients who receive preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) and biliary reconstruction are most at risk for incisional surgical site infection (SSI) in major hepatobiliary‐pancreatic (HBP) surgery. Methods We evaluated 72 patients with PBD who underwent major HBP surgery and received intraoperative wound irrigation (IOWI) with saline and standard sutures between March 2014 and March 2017 (Cohort 1) and 63 patients with PBD who underwent major HBP surgery and received IOWI with aqueous 10% povidone–iodine and antibacterial sutures between June 2019 and February 2022 (Cohort 2). We compared the incidence of incisional SSI between the two cohorts. Results Twenty‐seven (20.0%) of 135 patients developed incisional SSIs. The rate of current smoking was more frequent in patients who developed incisional SSIs than in those who did not (37.0% vs. 14.8%, p = .012). A total of 18 (25%) of 72 patients developed incisional SSI in Cohort 1, and nine (14.3%) of 63 developed incisional SSI in Cohort 2. Cohort 2 had a 10% lower incidence of incisional SSI than Cohort 1, a nonsignificant difference (p = .09). Conclusion The implementation of IOWI with aqueous 10% PVP‐I and antibacterial sutures failed to significantly reduce the incidence of incisional SSI in comparison to IOWI with saline and standard sutures in major HBP surgery. Implementations of intraoperative wound irrigation with aqueous 10% povidone–iodine and triclosan‐coated sutures reduce the incidence of incisional surgical site infection after major hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic surgery in patients with preoperative biliary drainage from 25% to 14.3% (about 40% reduction), however it did not reach a significant difference.