Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid versus platelet-rich plasma following single puncture arthrocentesis for the management of internal derangement of TMJ: A double-blinded randomised controlled trial

The present study aimed to compare the efficacies of intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) following single needle arthrocentesis in patients with TMJ internal derangement. This double-blinded randomised controlled trial involved the enrolment of patients diagnosed with unilateral TMD, falling into either Wilkes' stages II or III. In Group A, single needle arthrocentesis was performed using Ringer's lactate serving as a control group; in Group B, intra-articular injection of 1 ml hyaluronic acid injection was given following arthrocentesis; and in Group C, autologous intraarticular injections of 1 ml of PRP was given after arthrocentesis, twice in two weeks' interval. The primary outcome variables were maximum mouth opening and pain, while TMJ clicking sounds formed the secondary outcome variable. All the outcome variables were assessed preoperatively (T0) and postoperatively after the second dose of injection at one month (T1), three months (T2), and six months (T3). The alpha level was set to p