Granulimonas faecalis gen. nov., sp. nov., and Leptogranulimonas caecicola gen. nov., sp. nov., novel lactate-producing Atopobiaceae bacteria isolated from mouse intestines, and an emended description of the family Atopobiaceae

Two strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile bacteria (strains OPF53 T and TOC12 T ) were isolated from mouse intestines. Strains OPF53 T and TOC12 T grew at pH 5.5–9.0 and 5.0–9.0, respectively, and at temperatures of 30–45 °C. The cell morphologies of these strains were short rods and rods, respectively, and the cells possessed intracellular granules. The major cellular fatty acids of OPF53 T were C 18 : 1 cis 9 and C 18 : 1 cis 9 dimethyl acetal, whereas those of TOC12 T were C 18 : 0 and C 18 : 1 cis 9. In OPF53 T , the main end-products of modified peptone–yeast extract–glucose (PYG) fermentation were lactate, formate and butyrate, whereas, in addition to these acids, TOC12 T also produced hydrogen. The genomes of OPF53 T and TOC12 T were respectively 2.2 and 2.0 Mbp in size with a DNA G+C contents of 69.1 and 58.7 %. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of OPF53 T and TOC12 T showed the highest similarity to members of the family Atopobiaceae , namely, Olsenella phocaeensis Marseille-P2936 T (94.3 %) and Olsenella umbonata KCTC 15140 T (93.2 %), respectively. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that both isolates formed distinct lineages from other genera of the family Atopobiaceae . In addition, the two strains were characterized by relatively low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (93.4 %) and can be distinguished by their distinctive traits (including cell shape, DNA G+C content, and major fatty acids profiles). On the basis of their polyphasic taxonomic properties, these isolates represent two noel species of two novel genera within the family Atopobiaceae , for which the names Granulimonas faecalis gen. nov., sp. nov. (OPF53 T =JCM 35015 T =KCTC 25474 T ) and Leptogranulimonas caecicola gen. nov., sp. nov. (TOC12 T =JCM 35017 T =KCTC 25472 T ) are proposed.