Xenograft-decellularized adipose tissue supports adipose remodeling in rabbit

Decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) provides a suitable microenvironment for adipose stem cells (ADSCs) and promotes their adipogenic differentiation. Recent studies have focused on allogeneic DAT; however, insufficient adipose sources limit its wider application of allogeneic DAT. In this study, we compared the ability of allogeneic and xenogeneic DATs to induce adipose regeneration to explore the feasibility of xenogeneic DAT as an adjunctive material for tissue repair. Decellularized adipose tissue from humans and rabbits was prepared using the Flynn's method. The proliferation, migration, and adipogenic functions of the allogeneic and the xenogeneic groups were compared. Rabbits were used to construct transplantation models: allogeneic (transplanted r-DAT) and xenogeneic groups (transplanted h-DAT). Comparison of DAT transplantation outcomes between the two groups. Xenogeneic DAT supports adipose regeneration. In vitro, adipose-derived stem cells cultured on xenogeneic DAT developed adipogenesis without media cues and were not statistically different from the effects of allogeneic DAT on cell migration, proliferation, and adipogenic capacity. In vivo, the animal model showed angiogenesis and adipogenesis, and the adipogenic ability of xenogeneic DAT was not statistically different from that of allogeneic DAT. Xenogeneic DATs can induce adipose regeneration, and its adipogenic ability has no statistical difference, compared with allogeneic DATs. Xenografts are expected to be useful for soft tissue repair. •In vivo and vitro experiments,xenogeneic decellularized adipose tissue does not produce deleterious effects on cells or organisms, which provided the premise for our transplantation.•We verified and compared the lipogenic ability of allogeneic and xenogeneic DAT in vivo and vitro. We found that the xenogeneic DAT could induce lipogenesis and was not statistically different from allogeneic DAT.•Xenotransplantation of DAT is a safe and effective and is expected to become a soft tissue filling material for clinicians.