Chitosan/hyaluronic acid polyanion bilayer applied from carbon acid as an advanced coating with intelligent antimicrobial properties for improved biological prosthetic heart valves

The tightly bonded shielding coating on biomatrix significantly enhances the functionality of medical devices, bioprostheses in particular. In our work we have obtained a polyelectrolyte coating on a biomatrix by sequentially depositing chitosan and hyaluronic acid (HA) from solutions in carbonic acid under pressure. This approach makes it possible to obtain hybrid biomatrix with a firmly bonded polymer screen due to the electrostatic bonding of polyions. High-precision analysis using a tritium label shows a 3-fold increase in quantity of HA in carbonic acid under pressure compared to the conventional method. The presence of the chitosan layer increases the HA adsorption by 15–20 % due to electrostatic interaction of differently charged polymers. Antimicrobial results show the possibility of implementing an induced antimicrobial response, due to the lysis of the upper layer of the coating (HA) and the release of antimicrobial agents in the case of growth of pathogens on the bioprosthesis. [Display omitted] •Treatment of biomatrix with chitosan and hyaluronic acid solution in carbonic acid•Carbonic acid allows tripling the amount of hyaluronic acid on the matrix.•Hyaluronic acid strengthens the tissue in orthogonal directions (Δσ‖ ~ 15 %, Δσꓕ ~ 30 %).•Even 0.5 wt% of vancomycin coated by hyaluronic acid totally suppresses S. aureus.•The coating reduces tissue calcification by two orders of magnitude (~0.8 wt%).