Sinusoidal-amplitude binary phase mask and its application in achieving an ultra-long optical needle

Optical needle has become a hot research topic in recent years, due to the excellent properties and potential applications. To achieve a sub-diffraction optical needle, there are three common methods including planar diffractive lenses, reflective mirrors or axicons, and high-NA objective lenses wit...

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Veröffentlicht in:Optics express 2022-07, Vol.30 (15), p.26275-26285
Hauptverfasser: Gao, Xu-Zhen, Zhao, Peng-Cheng, Zhao, Jia-Hao, Sun, Xue-Feng, Liu, Jin-Jin, Yang, Fan, Pan, Yue
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Optical needle has become a hot research topic in recent years, due to the excellent properties and potential applications. To achieve a sub-diffraction optical needle, there are three common methods including planar diffractive lenses, reflective mirrors or axicons, and high-NA objective lenses with the designed phase or amplitude elements. Here, we propose a new kind of designed phase and amplitude element called the sinusoidal-amplitude binary phase mask (SA-BPM), which modulates the amplitude and phase distributions of the incident vector optical fields (VOFs) simultaneously. Based on Richards-Wolf vector diffraction integral, the corresponding parameters of SA-BPM and the optimal optical needle length are calculated by exhaustive method and genetic algorithm. We further upgrade the SA-BPM by adding a Gaussian function in the amplitude modulation, and design the Gaussian SA-BPM (GSA-BPM). We find that the ultra-long optical needles are achieved with the SA-BPM and GSA-BPM, and the depth of focus of the optical needles are improved by 30%–70% compared with the case of binary phase mask. Such SA-BPM and GSA-BPM we proposed have great potential for manipulation and utilization of the ultra-long optical needles.
ISSN:1094-4087
1094-4087
DOI:10.1364/OE.463393