Advanced cisplatin nanoformulations as targeted drug delivery platforms for lung carcinoma treatment: a review

Lung cancer accounts for the second-highest death rate globally among cancer-associated mortality. Cisplatin is a first-line chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of lung cancer. The most challenging problems in treating lung cancer with this drug include the development of drug resistance by the cells, low water solubility, and adverse effects on the normal cells. To address these concerns, nanotechnology-based drug delivery approach has shown promising results, resulting in an increase in the cellular absorption of drugs by the cancer cells with minimal adverse effects. According to the findings, cisplatin formulations including polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, and liposomes have a greater chance of delivering persistent cisplatin to the tumor in response to changes in the tumor microenvironment. This review deals with the various in vitro and in vivo studies of cisplatin nanoformulations and also covers the clinical trials carried out using nanocarrier-based cisplatin delivery. According to the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed review article containing collective studies of cisplatin nanoformulations for lung cancer treatment. Graphical abstract Schematic representation indicating the efficacy of different cisplatin-loaded nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery in lung carcinoma.