Persistence of N-oxides transformation products of tertiary amine drugs at lab and field studies

This work aimed at studying the formation and persistence of N-oxides transformation products (TPs) of tertiary amine drugs by combining laboratory and field studies relevant for surface water. A monitoring study using passive samplers was first achieved for assessing attenuation of selected pharmac...

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Veröffentlicht in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2022-12, Vol.309, p.136661-136661, Article 136661
Hauptverfasser: Manasfi, R., Tadić, D., Gomez, O., Perez, S., Chiron, S.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:This work aimed at studying the formation and persistence of N-oxides transformation products (TPs) of tertiary amine drugs by combining laboratory and field studies relevant for surface water. A monitoring study using passive samplers was first achieved for assessing attenuation of selected pharmaceuticals and their related N-oxides and N-, O-dealkylated TPs (i.e., venlafaxine, tramadol, amisulpride and sulpiride) along a 1.7 km river stretch between two sampling sites. This study revealed the stability of tramadol-N-oxide, amisulpride-N-oxide and the fast dissipation of O-desmethylvenlafaxine-N-oxide, as well as the significance of N-oxidized TPs in comparison to N-dealkylated TPs and parent compounds in river. Lab-scale experiments were then implemented for a better understanding of their mechanisms of formation and degradation under aerobic water/sediment testing and under simulated solar photochemistry. N-oxidation reactions were always a minor transformation pathway under both degradation conditions with respect to N-and O-dealkylation reactions. The amount of generated N-oxides were similar for venlafaxine, tramadol and sulpiride and peaked in the 8.4–12.8% and
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136661