Associations of resting and peak fat oxidation with sex hormone profile and blood glucose control in middle-aged women
Menopause may reduce fat oxidation. We investigated whether sex hormone profile explains resting fat oxidation (RFO) or peak fat oxidation (PFO) during incremental cycling in middle-aged women. Secondarily, we studied associations of RFO and PFO with glucose regulation. We measured RFO and PFO of 42...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2022-09, Vol.32 (9), p.2157-2167 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Menopause may reduce fat oxidation. We investigated whether sex hormone profile explains resting fat oxidation (RFO) or peak fat oxidation (PFO) during incremental cycling in middle-aged women. Secondarily, we studied associations of RFO and PFO with glucose regulation.
We measured RFO and PFO of 42 women (age 52–58 years) with indirect calorimetry. Seven participants were pre- or perimenopausal, 26 were postmenopausal, and nine were postmenopausal hormone therapy users. Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone, and testosterone levels were quantified with immunoassays. Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) and glucose tolerance (area under the curve) were determined by glucose tolerance testing. Body composition was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; physical activity with self-report and accelerometry; and diet, with food diaries. Menopausal status or sex hormone levels were not associated with the fat oxidation outcomes. RFO determinants were fat mass (β = 0.44, P = 0.006) and preceding energy intake (β = −0.41, P = 0.019). Cardiorespiratory fitness (β = 0.59, P = 0.002), lean mass (β = 0.49, P = 0.002) and physical activity (self-reported β = 0.37, P = 0.020; accelerometer-measured β = 0.35, P = 0.024) explained PFO. RFO and PFO were not related to insulin sensitivity. Higher RFO was associated with poorer glucose tolerance (β = 0.52, P = 0.002).
Among studied middle-aged women, sex hormone profile did not explain RFO or PFO, and higher fat oxidation capacity did not indicate better glucose control.
•We measured fat oxidation of 52- to 58-year-old women at rest and during exercise•Serum estradiol or follicle-stimulating hormone levels did not explain the outcomes•Fat oxidation did not differ according to menopausal status•High resting fat oxidation preceded poorer glucose control during glucose challenge•Peak fat oxidation during exercise was not related to glucose challenge responses |
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ISSN: | 0939-4753 1590-3729 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.06.001 |