Hydromagnetic Taylor–Couette flow: numerical formulation and comparison with experiment

Taylor–Couette flow in the presence of a magnetic field is a problem belonging to classical hydromagnetics and deserves to be more widely studied than it has been to date. In the nonlinear regime the literature is scarce. We develop a formulation suitable for solution of the full three-dimensional nonlinear hydromagnetic equations in cylindrical geometry, which is motived by the formulation for the magnetic field. It is suitable for study at finite Prandtl numbers and in the small Prandtl number limit, relevant to laboratory liquid metals. The method is used to determine the onset of axisymmetric Taylor vortices, and finite-amplitude solutions. Our results compare well with existing linear and nonlinear hydrodynamic calculations and with hydromagnetic experiments.