Sex mismatch following heart transplantation in the United States: Characteristics and impact on outcomes

Background Available literature indicates the possible detrimental effect of sex mismatching on mortality in patients undergoing heart transplantation. Our objective was to examine the role of sex and heart mass (predicted heart mass [PHM]) mismatch on mortality and graft rejection in patients undergoing heart transplantation in the US. Methods Data on adult patients who underwent heart transplantation between January 2015 and October 2021 were queried from the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) registry. The main outcomes were all‐cause mortality, 1‐year all‐cause mortality and treated acute rejection. Results A total of 19 805 adult patients underwent heart transplant during the study period. 92.2% of the patients in the female graft to male group had a PHM mismatch