Evaluation of prostate health index in predicting bone metastasis of prostate cancer before bone scanning

Purpose In patients undergoing bone scanning, the positive rate of bone metastasis (BM) of prostate cancer (PCa) is quite low. The main purpose of this study was to explore the application of %p2PSA and prostate health index (phi) in predicting BM of PCa before bone scanning to reduce unnecessary bone scanning. Methods A total of 279 PCa patients were enrolled in our study. The area under the ROC curve was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to establish a prediction model. A multivariate regression model was established to evaluate the predictive value of the variables. The nomogram model was established by R software. The patients were stratified into an intermediate-risk subgroup (T2b-T2c, Gleason score = 6–7) and a high-risk subgroup (cT3-4, Gleason score = 8–10). In the overall cohort and subgroups, McNemar’s test was used for comparison of different predictive variables. Results Of the 279 patients included in the study, 43 patients were identified as having BM by bone scanning. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ( p = 0.043), tPSA ( p = 0.001), Ki-67 ( p = 0.003), Gleason score ( p = 0.001), clinical T stage ( p