Surgeons’ Leadership Style and Team Behavior in the Hybrid Operating Room: Prospective Cohort Study

This study aimed to assess the relationship between surgeons' leadership style and team behavior in the hybrid operating room through video coding. Secondly, possible fluctuations possible fluctuations in leadership styles and team behavior during operative phases were studied. Leadership is recognized as a key component to successful team functioning in high-risk industries. The 'full range of leadership' theory is commonly used to evaluate leadership, marking transformational, transactional, and passive. Few studies have examined the effects of these leadership styles on team behavior in surgery and/or their fluctuations during surgery. A single-center study included patients planned for routine endovascular procedures. A medical data capture system was used to allow post hoc video coding through Behavior Anchored Rating Scales. Multilevel statistical analysis was performed to assess possible correlations between leadership style and 3 team behavior indicators (speaking up, knowledge sharing, and collaboration) on an operative phase level. Twenty-two cases were analyzed (47 hours recording). Transformational leadership is positively related to the extent to which team members work together (γ=0.20, P