The impact of adenoid hypertrophy on pulmonary functions measured using impulse oscillometry in preschool-age children

Purpose To assess pulmonary impedance [resistance (zR5, zR20, R5-20, Fres, and AX) and reactance (zX5 and zX20)] using impulse oscillometry (IOS) in children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and its association with the degree of AH, and to evaluate subsequent changes in pulmonary function 3 months after adenoidectomy. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 170 preschool-age children [110 with AH and 60 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs)]. Pulmonary function was analyzed using IOS at baseline (1st visit) in all participants and 3 months after adenoidectomy (2nd visit) in patients who underwent the operation. Results The IOS parameters of zR5, zR20, R5-20, Fres, and AX were higher, but zX20 was lower, in children with AH compared to the HCs ( p