Multi-biomarker approach and IBR index to evaluate the effects of bisphenol A on embryonic stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

This study assessed the effects of Bisphenol A in embryonic stages of zebrafish, applying an IBR multi-biomarker approach that included alterations in growth and oxidative status and relates it with the expression of Nrf1, Nrf2, Wnt3a, Wnt8a, COX-2, Qdpra, and DKK1 genes. For this purpose, we exposed zebrafish embryos to eight environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA (220, 380, 540, 700, 860, 1180, 1340, and 1500 ng L−1) until 96 h post-fertilization. Our results show that BPA induces several malformations in embryos (developmental delay, hypopigmentation, tail malformations, and on), leading to their death. The LC50, EC50 of malformations, and teratogenic index (TI) were 1234.60 ng L−1, 987.77 ng L−1, and 1.25, respectively; thus, this emerging contaminant is teratogenic. Regarding oxidative stress and gene expression, we demonstrated BPA altered oxidative status and the gene expression in embryos of Danio rerio. •Environmental relevant concentrations of BPA may disrupt the embryogenesis of fish.•Developmental delay, hypopigmentation, and edema were the teratogenic effects induced by BPA.•Oxidative damage on embryos was altered by BPA.•BPA altered gene expression (Nrf1, Nrf2, Wnt3a, Wnt8a, COX-2, Qdpra, and DKK1) in embryos of Danio rerio.•Severe alterations produced by BPA can lead to the death of zebrafish.