Biochemical and Histological Study of the Impact of Combined Lepidium sativum and Citric Acid on Liver and Kidney Functions in Rats

The study aimed to determine the interaction of using LS and CA in combination on liver, kidney, and heart functions in rats and to evaluate the role of antioxidant effects of LS against CA-induced hepato-renal toxicity. This study was conducted on 36 male rats divided into four groups ( n = 9). The groups were; the control, LS-treated (10 g/100 g of food), CA-treated (5 g/100 g of food), and combined LS plus CA-treated groups for 6 weeks. Kidney, liver and heart functions as well as oxidant/antioxidant profile were biochemically assessed in the serum using ELISA. The impact of LS and CA on kidney and liver was histopathologically assessed. Rats fed on diet supplemented with LS for 6 weeks showed no significant change in serum levels of the biochemical markers of liver, kidney and heart functions, while supplementation with CA significant increased ( p < 0.001) the serum levels of these markers compared to the control group. Combined administration of LS and CA significantly reduced the serum levels of these parameters compared to CA-treated group. Oxidative markers significantly increased while the antioxidants one decreased in CA-treated group compared to the control. Combined LS and CA significantly improve the oxidant/antioxidant profile as well as histopathological impact compared to CA-treated group.