The potential of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus in improving the growth of wheat under chromium stress

Aim Hexavalent chromium (Cr+6) is one of the most toxic heavy metals that have deteriorating effects on the growth and quality of the end product of wheat. Consequently, this research was designed to evaluate the role of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus fertilizer on wheat facing Cr+6 stress. Methods and Results The soil was incubated with Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus fertilizer before sowing. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the co‐application of B. subtilis and phosphorus yielded considerably more significant (p